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French legislative election, 1945 (Mauritania–Senegal)
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in the constituency of Mauritania–Senegal on 21 October 1945 as part of the wider parliamentary elections. Two members were elected from the seat, with the winners being French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) candidates Lamine Guèye and Léopold Sédar Senghor.〔(Members of the First National Constituent Assembly ) French National Assembly〕
==Background==
Senegal and Mauritania were grouped together to form a single constituency, but as Mauritania had so few qualified voters, it was effectively a double constituency for Senegal.〔Edward Mortimer (1969) ''France and the Africans 1944–1960: A political history'', Faber, p60〕
Although relations between the French and Africans in Senegal had improved during World War II, the situation had worsened again towards the end of the conflict. In November 1944 a group of French African soldiers who had been captured by the Germans were returned to Senegal and housed in a base at Thiaroye. When they failed to receive their promised pay in arrears, the soldiers refused an order to board lorries heading for Bamako. As a result, officers opened fire, killing 40 soldiers. What became known as the Thiaroye Massacre was perceived as French ingratitude, and the situation was further inflamed when some of the survivors were sentenced to 10 years in prison by a military tribunal the following year.〔
Further resentment was caused by a French government decree of 19 February 1945 that extended voting rights in Senegal to European women but not African women, which should not have been possible under the laws passed by Blaise Diagne in 1915 and 1916, which forbade racial differentiation.〔Mortimer, pp60–61〕
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